% Organic

6.60

-Si-(CH₂)₂CH₃

7.60

-Si-(CH₂)₃CH₃

8.50

-Si-CH₂CH(CH₃)₂

8.80

-Si-C(CH₃)₃

8.50

-Si-(CH₂)₄CH₃

9.50

-Si-(CH₂)₅CH₃

11.00

-Si-(CH₂)₆CH₃

not tested

-Si-(CH₂)₇CH₃

11.10

-Si-(CH₂)₉CH₃

15.70

-Si-(CH₂)₁₁CH₃

not tested

-Si-(CH₂)17CH₃

21.70

-Si-(CH₂)₁₉CH₃

24.30

-Si-(CH₂)₂₉CH₃

26.00

11.60

11.00

N/A

N/A

8.00

N/A

6.90

N/A

Florisil PR^®

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Anion

6.65

0.310

n-2 aminoethyl (2° amine)

-Si-(CH₂)₃NH₂⁺(CH₂)₂NH₃⁺

9.70

0.320

Diethylamino (3° amine)

-Si-(CH₂)₃NH⁺(CH₂CH₃)₂

8.40

0.280

-Si-(CH₂)₃N⁺(CH₃)₃   Cl^-

8.40

0.250

-Si-(CH₂)₃N⁺(CH₃)₃   ^OH-

8.40

0.250

-Si-(CH₂)₃N⁺(CH₃)₃   CH₃CO₂^-

8.40

0.250

-Si-(CH₂)₃N⁺(CH₃)₃   CHO₂^-

8.40

0.250

-Si-(CH₂)₃-[NHCH₂CH₂]_x

13.50

0.250

Cation

9.10

0.170

7.10

0.180

11.00

0.320

15.00

0.650

-Si-(CH₂)₃N(CH₂COOH)(CH₂)₂N(CH₂COOH)₂

7.61

Anion:0.17 Cation: 0.06

-Si-(CH₂)₃NH₂ & -Si-(CH₂)₇CH₃

12.30

0.163

-Si-(CH₂)₃N⁺(CH₃)₃ & -Si-(CH₂)₇CH₃

13.60

0.160

-Si-CH₂COOH & -Si-(CH₂)₇CH₃

12.50

0.105

-Si-(CH₂)₃SO₃H & -Si-(CH₂)₇CH₃

14.62

0.114

12.30

0.072

-Si-(CH₂)₃CN & -Si-(CH₂)₇CH₃

14.60

0.163

  & -Si-(CH₂)₇CH₃

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

7.10

N/A

6.50

N/A

UCT

bietet folgende Linien an Extraktions-Säulen an, die alle die gleichen oben genannten Phasen verwenden,

sich aber in den Punkten

Säulenmaterial, Säulenvolumen, Frittenmaterial, Trägermaterial (Silica oder Polymer), Teilchengrösse

unterscheiden:

Phases

Columns

Volumns

Fritt

Particles

Particles-Size

Clean-Up^®

All available Phases

See "Summary of all Functionalized Phases..."

PP

1ml,

3ml,

6ml, 10ml, 15ml, 25ml, 75ml

PP

Silica

Small: 5-20µ

Intermediate: 25-40µ

Standard : 40-60µ

Large: 125-210µ

Clean-Up^® Hydrophobic: Used to extract compounds, which exhibit non-polar or neutral charasteristics out of complex matrices

Clean-Up^® Hydrophilic: Used for extraction of amines, hydroxyls and carbonyls

Clean-Up^® Ion Exchange: Used for analysis of anions and cations

Clean-Up^® Carbon: Used for isolation of extremely polar organic compounds

Clean-Up^® Copolymeric: Allows for both an extraction of neutral and charged compound

Enviro-Clean^®

All available Phases

See "Summary of all Functionalized Phases..."

PP and Glass

PP: 

1ml,

3ml,

6ml, 10ml, 15ml, 25ml, 75ml

Glass:

3ml

6ml

PTFE

Silica

Small: 5-20µ

Intermediate: 25-40µ

Standard : 40-60µ

Large: 125-210µ

Enviro-Clean^®: Designed for the isolation and separation of environmental analytes such as pesticides, herbicides, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls and other environmental related compounds with the absence of a plasticizer background

Pharma-Sil^®

All available Phases

See "Summary of all Functionalized Phases...""

PP

4,5ml Flangeless

PTFE

Silica

Small: 5-20µ

Intermediate: 25-40µ

Standard : 40-60µ

Large: 125-210µ

Clean-Screen^®

Clean-Screen^®-DAU

Clean-Screen^®-THC

Clean-Screen^®-GHB

Clean-Screen^®-Ethyl Glucuronide

PP

1ml,

3ml,

6ml, 10ml, 15ml, 25ml, 75ml

PP

Silica

Small: 5-20µ

Intermediate: 25-40µ

Standard : 40-60µ

Large: 125-210µ

Clean-Screen^®-DAU, THC: Allows for maximum selectivity for extraction of acids, bases and neutrals

Clean-Screen^®-GHB: Allows for extraction of gamma hydroxybutyric acid

Clean-Screen^®-Ethyl Glucuronide:  Allows for extraction and concentration of ethyl glucuronide

XtrackT^®

All High-Flow:

DAU

Quaternary Amine

Carboxylic Acid Cation exchange

Aminoethyl Anion exchange - PHS

Endcapped C18 Hydrophobic

Propylsulfonic Acid Cation Exchange

Benzenesulfonic Acid

PP

3ml,

6ml, 10ml, 15ml, 25ml, 75ml

PP

Silica

Large: 125-210µ

XtrackT^®: Allows for extraction of acids, neutrals and bases in viscous samples as equine urin, post-mortem blood and tissues, amniotic fluid and meconium

Styre-Screen^TM

DBX (Benzenesulfonic Acid+C18)

DVB (Polystyrene Divinylbenzene)

BCX (Benzenesulfonic Acid)

C18 (Reverse Phase C18)

CCX (Carboxylic Acid)

QAX (Quaternary Amine)

PP

1ml,

3ml,

6ml,

PP

Polymeric

Styre-Screen^TM: Polymeric resins which allow for extraction of acidic, basic and neutral compounds

Reservoirs for Bonded Phase Extractions

Stated Volume (mL)

1

3

6

10

15

25

75

150

Tube Configuration

Cylindrical

Cylindrical

Cylindrical

Expanded

Cylindrical

Cylindrical

Cylindrical

Cylindrical

Bed Diameter (mm)

5.5

8.5

12.5

8.5

15.5

20

27.5

38.0

Sorbent Mass (mg)

50-200

50-1.000

200-2.000

50-1.000

500-2.000

500-5.000

1000-10.000

10.000-70.000

Chemistries are offered on these particles sizes...

Small Particle (5-20 µm)

Intermediate Particle (25-40 µm)

Standard Particle (40-60 µm)*

Large Particle (125-210 µm)

and are available in the above formats

Conditioning, Solvation (Wetting)

Columns are shipped dry, but those with hydrophobic character need to be solvated in order to interact efficiently and reproducibly with aqueous matrices. Sample capacity is severely reduced on a dry column.

At low vacuum ( - 3 in. Hg) add 1.5 ml of methanol or acetonitrile per 100 mg of sorbent to the sample preparation column. Release the vacuum or begin flushing immediately upon completion. The more air which passes through the column before sample loading, the less solvated the sorbent will be.

Apply deionized or distilled water to remove excess solvent which will interfere with hydrophobic binding. Use 1 ml H2O per 100 mg sorbent. Momentary high vacuum (5 to 8 in. Hg) may be necessary to restart flow. At 2.5 in. Hg the column will resist air displacement (vacuum may be left on without drying the sorbent). If the sorbent is accidentally dried, resolvate and reflush.

When using ion exchange columns, apply 1ml of buffer to the column after flushing to ensure that the sorbent pH is optimal for the sorbent analyte interaction desired. Where ion exchange interactions are involved, follow guidelines concerning pKa, pH and ionic binding. Use the same vacuum guidelines as described for flushing.

Sample Preparation and Application

Retention mechanisms may be hydrophobic, polar, or ionic. Add internal standard to the sample if quantitation is desired. Optimize sample application by removing particulates if necessary (centrifugation or filtering) and/or diluting viscous matrices with water or buffer to ensure proper pH for desired interactions. The analyte and sorbent should be uncharged for optimum hydrophobic retention. On ion exchange sorbents, analytes must be oppositely charged to the sorbent [anions (-) on anion exchange sorbents (+); cations (+) on cation exchange sorbents (-)]. During sample application, the analyte binds by displacing a counterion on the sorbent.

Apply sample at a rate of 1ml/min. Again, a momentary increase in vacuum may be needed to initiate sample flow.

Washing the Sorbent and Eluting

Ideal washing removes as many interferences as possible while retaining the analyte(s). Ideal elution recovers 100% of the analyte while leaving behind interferences. Make certain your column is dry when changing between aqueous solutions and organic solvents.

Hydrophobic and Polar Analytes

The best approach towards using these types of sorbents is to search for a solvent mixture which will wash the most interferences from the sorbent without loss of analyte. Note that wash pH may greatly affect cleanup and/or recovery. Keep analyte and sorbent pKa in mind if applicable. Elute with the strongest organic solvent, or by raising the percentage of organic, possibly in combination with a pH change to disrupt binding.

Ion Exchange

Ionic bonds are strong enough to allow the analyte to remain bound while interferences are washed away with high percentages (up to 100%) of polar or nonpolar organic solvents. The pH will also affect sample cleanup. Adjust the solution 2 pH units from the pKa of the analyte or sorbent. This will fully ionize or neutralize the target functional group. Elute with aqueous buffers containing a stronger counterion than your analyte (classic ion exchange) or by changing pH to disrupt the ionic attraction. Make sure the elution solvent has enough organic character to overcome any adsorption to the packing material.

Copolymeric Exchange

For ionically bound analytes, use washes of high organic strength to remove interferences retained by hydrophobic (solvent strength dependent) interactions. If your analyte is also capable of hydrophobic binding, remove polar interferences ionically similar to your analyte by using aqueous or weak aqueous/organic washes while disrupting ionic (pH and ionic strength dependent) binding. Elute by simultaneously disrupting ionic and hydrophobic interactions.